International Journal of Education, Technology and Science

SCIENTIFIC MAPPING ANALYSIS ON HEALTH EDUCATION RESEARCH IN EDUCATION

Mustafa Tahiroğlu — 2023-09-01

It is known that almost every field of science is related to the subject of health nowadays. This can be considered as evidence of both the importance given to the subject by the scientific community and the seriousness with which it is approached from a human perspective. In health studies, which are addressed by almost every field of science, education is the main actor. This is because achieving an individual and societal understanding of health and raising awareness about being healthy seems to be possible only through systematic education. Therefore, the issue of health education has special importance in achieving the objectives of all studies undertaken by these scientific disciplines. In line with this importance, the rapid increase in health education studies in recent years has drawn the attention of researchers from many different disciplines, especially social sciences. So, what kind of publications are made in the field of health education in the social sciences? To answer this question, the study aims to analyze the bibliometric aspects of journal publications related to health education in social sciences research. The dataset collected from the Scopus database was examined for the specified analysis. Accordingly, although there have been some small fluctuations in the number of publications related to health education over the years, there seems to be a general trend of increase. The United States is among the most productive countries in the field of health education worldwide. On the other hand, it is observed that the Journal of School Health is the most productive and influential in the field of health education in social sciences; and Qazvin University of Medical Sciences is prominent among the most cited institutions. It is hoped that the results obtained from this research will provide a general overview to researchers working on health education.

EXPLORING DIFFICULTIES ENCOUNTERED IN RESEARCH WRITING OF SECONDARY PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS IN COLLEGE OF EDUCATION

Jhon Jhon Zotomayor — 2023-09-01

This study aimed to investigate the research writing difficulties encountered by 66 secondary pre-service teachers at Laguna University, College of Education. The study focused on four sub-problems: identifying the difficulties encountered, exploring the underlying factors, discussing the implications, and identifying potential gaps. A mixed-method approach was employed, utilizing a survey questionnaire to determine difficulties, underlying factors, and implications, while content analysis was used to identify potential gaps. The study employed a total population technique. The findings revealed that the most common difficulties faced by secondary pre-service teachers in research writing were related to reviewing the literature, analyzing and interpreting data, and developing research proposals. Furthermore, limited knowledge of research methodologies, time constraints, and inadequate feedback and revision opportunities were identified as underlying factors contributing to these difficulties. These challenges had implications for their teaching practices, such as reduced confidence in integrating research into practice, limited opportunities to publish, present, and collaborate, and restricted professional advancement. The study also identified several gaps that need to be addressed by the College of Education, including the need to improve skills in reviewing literature, analyzing and interpreting data, and conducting proposal defenses. Additionally, addressing the limited knowledge of research methodologies, time constraints, and the need for more feedback and revision opportunities were identified as crucial. It is highly recommended that the College of Education addresses these gaps and challenges, empowering researchers to effectively integrate research into teaching, contribute to the field, and promote evidence-based practices in education.

SOMALIA’S CURRENT HIGHER EDUCATION SYSTEM, CHALLENGES AND THE WAY FORWARD: A SCOPING REVIEW

Yahye Jama — 2023-09-01

Abstract:

The education sector of Somalia faces many challenges to increasing the quality of higher education and this negatively impacts the development of skilled human resources and the internationalization of higher education. The scoping review’s aim is to analyze the current gap in standard education policy and strategy framework and suggest the way forward to overcome the current challenges. Studies related to the current higher education system, challenges, and the way forward were searched from eight resourceful databases. The search involved articles published between January 2013 to February 2023 published in the English language. We used Cochran’s Q χ2 and the I2 test statistics to check heterogeneity among the studies. A total of 72 studies were selected and 12 articles were selected for this scoping review. The vast majority of the studies were from developed countries. We included three original articles, four narrative documents review papers, and one grounded theory paper in our scoping review. The majority of the articles describe the higher education challenges and mentioned the gap in higher education policies and regulations. Synthesis original articles focused on the lack of uniform policy, research facilities, lack of effective curricula guidelines, and lack of effort of internationalization of higher education while narrative documents reviews paper lack of qualified staff and quality of education, Poor infrastructure, standard education policy, universal education curriculum, and lack of accountability of education sector. There is no information in the synthesis articles and reports about the education sector staff recruitment process, how to ensure the quality of education, and the role of civil society to increase the quality of higher education. Universal curriculum, legal framework, and coordination between federal and state governments were found to be effective ways to improve the current education sector of the country. Staff quality improvement programs remain the main challenges in Somalia’s higher education and innovation as well.

THE EFFECT OF P4C APPLICATION IN THE PHILOSOPHY FOR CHILDREN EDUCATION PROGRAM ON THE METACOGNITIVE AWARENESS OF SECONDARY SCHOOL 5TH GRADE STUDENTS

Zehra Betül Şişman — 2023-09-01

Today's education aims to raise students who think at a higher level and have metacognitive awareness rather than acting with memorized knowledge. With metacognitive awareness, the individual has the ability to reflect and regulate his/her own thinking processes. In P4C, students carry out multidimensional thinking and reasoning activities through philosophical dialogue. Therefore, it is thought that students' metacognitive awareness will increase through Philosophy for Children Education. This study aims to investigate the effects of Philosophy for Children Education Program (P4C) on metacognitive awareness of fifth grade students. In line with this purpose, the study was conducted with a nested design within the scope of mixed method. In the quantitative dimension of the study, the pretest-posttest control group design, which is accepted as a quasi-experimental design, and in the qualitative dimension, the phenomenology (phenomenology) design was used. The study group of the research consists of 34 fifth grade students attending secondary school in Yeşilyurt district of Malatya province in the spring term of 2021-2022 academic year and the parents of 17 students in the experimental group. In order to collect data, Metacognitive Awareness Scale, student self-assessment form, student diary, researcher diary, audio recordings and parent semi-structured interview form were used. The quantitative data of the study were analyzed with SPSS 22 software and qualitative data were analyzed with content analysis. As a result of the findings obtained, it can be stated that the P4C Education Program had a positive effect on the level of metacognitive awareness of the students. As a result, it is seen that the students participating in the P4C program are aware of what they really say or try to say. It can be said that students can give logical examples about what they speak, write and what interests them.

A SCOPING REVIEW OF THE “AT-RISK” STUDENT LITERATURE IN HIGHER EDUCATION

Colin Chibaya — 2023-09-01

Higher Education Institutions have a strong desire to meet the goal of producing quality graduates. It is important for them to understand their student population to provide equal opportunities for diverse groups, including "at-risk" students. A scoping review of literature was conducted to understand the concept of "at-risk" students in Higher Education Institutions. The objectives of the study were to identify common categories of "at-risk" students, analyze the methods and variables used to study this topic, and understand the key factors and approaches used in this research. Literature was selected using the PCC framework and the JBI protocol and screened using the PRISMA-ScR framework. A total of 84 articles out of 1961 were eligible and included in the review. The results showed that there is a lack of research on "at-risk" students in Africa, but significant growth in related research in America, Europe, and Asia. Key findings include the importance of academic data and the use of statistical and machine learning methods. The factors that put students at risk are often linked to high school education, and ethnicity, gender, and location also play a role. Higher Education Institutions should implement interventions to address students' psychosocial well-being to create a supportive learning environment. This review is expected to provide insights for addressing similar challenges in the African context.

PROFESSIONALISM AND PROFESSIONAL LEARNING SITUATIONS OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHERS IN TURKEY

Nafiye Nur Meşe — 2023-09-01

This research aims to describe the professionalism and professional learning situations of English language teachers in Turkey. In the present study quantitative research design was adopted. The sample of the study is 354 English teachers working in public schools in Gaziantep (including all its districts) in the 2021-2022 academic year. The data were collected via two questionnaires. The first scale is the "Teaching Profession Professionalism Scale" that was used to determine the professionalism level of English teachers in Turkey. The second scale is the Teacher Professional Learning Scale, which was used in order to measure in which areas and to what extent teachers learn. The results revealed that there is a positive moderate correlation between the Professional learning scale and the professionalism scale scores of the teachers. The results showed that teachers need developmental programs for both professional learning and professionalism. It is hoped that the study will shed light on the related professional group and the aims and practices of English language teaching of the National Education policy.

STUDENTS’ MOTIVATION IN ACCOMPLISHING THE BLENDED LEARNING IN HIGHER EDUCATION DURING THE COVID-19

Ihdal Bayu Pamungkas — 2023-09-01

This study aims to investigate the students' motivations in higher education to accomplish blended learning. It applies qualitative research with an open interview research instrument. The researchers randomly selected the participants from the 6th-semester students from a public university in Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. The composition of the number of students who were interviewed was 20 students. It employed some procedures to obtain the data, such as: First, the researchers applied random sampling to define the participants. Second, the researchers made the interview questionnaires, and third, the researchers interviewed the interviewees. Furthermore, the findings reveal that the students have different motivations in accomplishing the blended learning during COVID-19 for each element which are: (1) Self-efficacy; (2) Active learning strategies; (3) Blended learning value; (4) Performance goal; (5) Achievement goal and 6) Learning environment stimulation. However, the findings show the beneficial things for students in higher education to have high motivations in accomplishing the blended learning during COVID-19 even though there must be difficulties faced.

IMPROVING ENVIRONMENTAL SENSITIVITY THROUGH ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION PRACTICES BASED ON PROJECT BASED TEACHING

Ülkü Ulukaya Öteleş — 2023-09-01

The aim of the research is to improve the environmental sensitivity of teacher candidates through environmental education practices based on project based teaching. In this research carried out in the action research pattern, an action plan containing environmental education practices based on project based teaching has been prepared. The research was conducted with 25 social studies teacher candidates determined by criterion sampling, one of the purposeful sampling methods. The data of the research were obtained using the attitude towards the environment scale and a semi-structured interview form. The analysis of the obtained quantitative data was evaluated by t test; the analysis of qualitative data was evaluated by content analysis. As a result of the research, a statistically significant difference was found between the pre-test and post-test average scores taken from the attitude towards the environment scale. Teacher candidates' views on project based teaching based practices are that it improves their environmental sensitivity, has a positive impact on their knowledge, attitudes and behaviors towards the environment. In addition, teacher candidates propose various applications aimed at gaining environmental sensitivity in their daily lives and when they start their profession.

TEACHER FACTOR ON ANXIETY LEVEL OF UNIVERSITY PREPARATORY SCHOOL LEARNERS’ SPEAKING

Şaziye Darendeli — 2023-09-01

Anxiety, which is seen as a barrier in the language learning process by many teachers and researchers, prevents the learners from learning effectively. Also, determining the impacts of negative feelings on the language learning process is quite important for teachers since these feelings may be a mental block for the learners by preventing them from using comprehensible input, they get. Although there are numerous studies on the impact of anxiety level in language classrooms and on the reasons that might cause anxiety, there are relatively fewer studies on teachers’ impact on anxiety level of learners’ speaking. Also, foreign language classroom anxiety has been studied deeply, yet speaking anxiety and its reasons related to foreign language teachers were not mentioned sufficiently. Therefore, this study aims to explore the role of the teachers on the anxiety level of university preparatory school learners’ speaking skill. For this study, a quantitative research design with the help of an online questionnaire, which was administered to the university preparatory learners studying at a state university based in Ankara, was used. 226 participants from different age ranges and academic majors participated in the study. Based on the data analysis, the research presented here showed how teachers can increase or decrease the anxiety level of foreign language learners especially while they are speaking the target language. The results show that there is a strong relationship between teacher and learners’ speaking anxiety. Depending on the rapport between learners and teachers, the level of different feelings in the classroom has been changing. Furthermore, female, and male learners differ in terms of their anxiety level while speaking English. However, there is not a significant difference between the anxiety level of learners and their age or academic majors. Based on this, the findings can contribute to a better learning environment with lower affective filters by revealing the relationship between teacher and learners’ anxiety level.

AN EXAMINATION OF SPORTS PARTICIPATION MOTIVATION AND SPORTS PASSION LEVEL OF SPORTS SCIENCE STUDENTS

Muhammet Mavibaş — 2023-09-01

This study aimed to investigate the motivation for sports participation and levels of passion for sports among students in the Faculty of Sports Sciences, as well as to compare them across various variables. The population comprised students from the Faculty of Sports Sciences at Bayburt University, with a sample group of 312 athletes, including 162 males and 150 females. Demographic variables of the participants were collected using a researcher-developed "Personal Information Form." To assess the participants' motivation for sports participation, the "Sports Participation Motivation Scale" developed by Gill et al. (1938) and adapted into Turkish by Oyar et al. (2001) was utilized. Participants rated their reasons for sports participation on a 3-point scale: "Very Important (1), Slightly Important (2), Not Important (3)." The "Sports Passion Scale," a 5-point Likert-type scale with 8 items and a single subscale, developed by Sigmundsson et al. (2020) and adapted into Turkish by Özdayı et al. (2021), was used to measure the participants' levels of passion for sports. Descriptive tests were conducted to determine means for the subscales of motivation for sports participation and levels of passion for sports. Independent samples t-tests were performed for comparisons based on gender and sports branch. One-way ANOVA tests were conducted to compare differences based on years of sports participation and academic departments, followed by the Tukey test to determine which groups contributed to the observed differences. In the sub-dimensions of skill development, team membership/spirit, enjoyment, friendship, and physical fitness/energy expenditure, as well as in the passion for sports, it was determined that participants with 1-3 years of sports experience had lower levels than others.

Keywords: Sports Sciences; Students; Passion in Sports; Motivation in Sports

THE EFFECT OF NATURE ACTIVITIES ON PHYSICAL FITNESS AND ACADEMIC SUCCESS IN CHILDREN

Mücahit Ünal — 2023-09-01

By participating in various nature and sports activities in schools, children get rid of excess energy in their bodies and thus relax. In addition, they feel that they belong to a social group because they do activities with others and are more successful with the support they receive from their environment. All these ensure that children have high motivation. This situation increases their physical, social, and mental activities, gives them the habit of working systematically, increases their school discipline and academic success, and strengthens their mental aspects. Accordingly, the aim of this study is to investigate the effects of nature walks and nature-based educational games on some physical, physiological characteristics and school achievement of children aged 11-14 years. The participants of the study consisted of a total of 60 healthy volunteer students, 15 boys and 15 boys in the study group and 15 boys and 15 boys in the control group. The data obtained within the scope of the study consisted of physical measurements performed in November and January in the autumn term of the 2020-2021 academic year and academic achievement scores, including the results of the 1^stand 2^nd exams during the term. In addition to descriptive statistics, the Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks Test was used to determine the difference between pre-test and post-test measurements for the experimental and control groups. The pre-test and post-test measurement averages of the experimental group were, respectively, BMI (19.46 and 19.88 kg/m2 ), two leg flexibility (25.05 and 26.07 cm), push-ups (10.79 and 12.07), sit-ups (45.90 and 57.90), 10 m sprint (2.44 and 2.37 s), 30 m sprint (5.94 and 5.82 s), anaerobic power (71,17 kgm/sec and 74,86 kgm/sec), VO2 max (21,79 ml/kg/min and 22,89 ml/kg/min), and grade point average (85,94 points and 84,24 points). A statistically significant (p<0.05) difference was found in push-ups, sit-ups, anaerobic power, VO2 max and grade point average pre-test and post-test values; no statistically significant difference was found in other parameters. In the control group, BMI (18.90 and 18.81 kg/m2 ), two leg flexibility (23.49 and 23.37 cm), push-ups (7.80 and 7.80), sit-ups (50.03 and 48.10), 10 m sprint (2.46 and 2.48 s), 30 m sprint (6,12 and 6,01 s), anaerobic power (66,16 kgm/sec and 69,02 kgm/sec), VO2 max (22,49 ml/kg/min and 22,20 ml/kg/min) and grade point average (80,87 points and 79,33 points). The study found a statistically significant (p<0.05) difference only in anaerobic power and grade point average pre-test and post-test values. This research will add to the scant body of knowledge regarding nature walks and nature-based educational activities that can contribute substantially to the health and physical characteristics of girls and boys aged 11 to 14 years.

THE EFFECT OF MOBILE DISTANCE EDUCATION METHOD USED IN EXTRACURRICULAR EAR TRAINING ON STUDENTS' ACHIEVEMENT LEVELS

Ahmet Suat Karahan — 2023-09-01

The Mobile Distance Education method adds a great flexibility to the education-teaching process by almost completely destroying the boundaries of time and place. Thus, the method allows the student-teacher interaction to continue in and out of school. The aim of the research is to determine the usability of this effective method in Ear Training extracurricular study processes of students at Music Education Undergraduate Program and the effect of the method on the achievement scores of the students. In the study, in which the experimental method was used, the post-test achievement scores of the experimental group who did their extracurricular Ear Training studies with the Mobile Distance Education Method and the control group students who did their extracurricular Ear Training studies with the traditional method were compared. As a result of the research, it was determined that there was no significant difference between post-test success levels of the experimental groups and those of control groups regarding the theoretical and practical interval, theoretical chord and rhythmic dictation but there was a significant difference between the practical chord and melodic dictation achievement scores in favor of the experimental group. However, when the raw achievement scores of the two groups were compared, it was seen that the experimental group increased both in-group and inter-group success levels more in each of the 6 criteria, that is, it was more successful than the control group. Based on the findings and results of the research, it can be said that students' extracurricular Ear Training study processes can be organized with the mobile distance education method and the method has increased the success levels of the students.

SCALE DEVELOPMENT OF THE EDUCATIONAL VALUE OF THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE FROM THE STUDENT'S PERSPECTIVE

Neşe Döne Akkurt — 2023-09-01

History of science; understanding the nature of science; It is important to know what scientific knowledge is and what processes it goes through and how this knowledge will be used by scientists in future researches. While there are studies in the literature examining the effects of the history of science practices on the nature of science, no scale has been found for secondary school students on the history of science. In this respect, it is thought that this study will contribute to the literature.

The development of the scale and the realization of its validity and reliability stages were studied with a total of 228 secondary school students studying in Nizip district of Gaziantep province in the 2020-2021 academic year. Students were determined by random sampling method. The data were obtained online with the voluntary participation of students.

From the validity and reliability studies, a scale consisting of 21 items and three factors named as "Interest in the History of Science", "Awareness in the History of Science" and "The Contribution of the History of Science to Learning" emerged. The levels of the Instructional Value of the History of Science Scale from Students' Perspectives, which was created with 21 expression items, were scaled with a five-point Likert scale, by making validity and reliability analyzes. The final version of the scale is presented in the appendices.

EFA and CFA results were examined in construct validity studies, and the KMO (Sampling Adequacy Measure) value was found to be .92. In calculating the reliability of the scale, the Cronbach alpha internal consistency coefficient value was found to be 0.909.

ANALYSIS OF NARRATIVE TEXTS IN THE FRENCH LANGUAGE TEACHING CLASS

Barış Aydın — 2023-09-01

The analysis of written texts plays a motivating role in the French language teaching classrooms. As authentic documents, narrative texts have a unique characteristic as they contain different sequences that have their own structure. Beyond this structural knowledge, the learners also find the opportunity to discover the real-life use of the target language and the shared culture of native speakers. by using narrative texts in language teaching, the teacher offers learners the opportunity to get to know different aspects of the target language. The use of narrative texts for language teaching must be based on a method that can be applied to each text that can be used in the classroom either as a warm-up activity material or as a written material to be analyzed. In this study, we propose using the schemas created by Propp (1928) and Greimas (1966), specifically the narrative and actantial schemas. To do this, we first briefly recalled the types of text used in language classes and in particular provide a discussion of the characteristics of narrative texts. Then, the schemas created by researchers were presented to establish the theoretical foundations. Then, sample activites employing these schemas are presented.

CHARACTERISTICS OF GEOGRAPHY DEPARTMENT STUDENTS TOWARDS LIFELONG LEARNING

Şevki Babacan — 2023-09-01

The aim of the study is to examine the lifelong learning characteristics of geography students in terms of effective variables, such as gender, grade, choosing the department voluntarily, being happy with your major, and the first goal after graduation. The study was conducted with 205 students who participated in the education and training activities at the Geography Department of a state university in Turkey in the fall semester of the 2022-2023 academic year. These students were in their first, second, third and fourth years of study. Information Form and Lifelong Learning Scale were used to obtain the data. In the evaluation phase, SPSS 22.0 program was used, and ANOVA analysis was performed besides the t-test. The results showed that the general attitude towards lifelong learning among the participants was positive. According to the mean scores of the scale sub-dimensions, lifelong learning characteristics were positive in terms of Love of Learning, Self-Direction, Resilience and Meta-Cognition. While lifelong learning characteristics of the participants did not show a significant difference in terms of gender and grade level, significant differences existed in terms of choosing the department voluntarily, being happy with your major and the first goal after graduation. In terms of the positive attitudes of the participants towards lifelong learning, it could be claimed that geography department students are ready for lifelong learning. Practices and curriculum arrangements in this direction could make positive contributions to lifelong learning awareness both at the university stage and after graduation.

INNOVATION POTENTIAL OF TOYS MADE IN STEAM MAKERSPACES: REFLECTIONS FROM TEACHERS

Zerrin Mercan — 2023-09-01

This research endeavors to investigate the innovative potential of toys produced within STEAM Makerspaces, as perceived by teachers, utilizing a concurrent parallel mixed-method approach. Quantitative and qualitative data were simultaneously collected to provide a comprehensive understanding. A quasi-experimental design underpinned the quantitative portion of the study, while qualitative methods encompassed observations, document analysis, and structured interviews. The study involved 25 preschool educators from Turkey who had participated in STEAM Makerspace activities. The "STEAM-Teacher Interview Form", "STEAM Engineering Design Observation Form", "STEAM Engineering Design Process Photographs", and "Innovative Thinking Disposition Scale for Preschool Teachers", developed by Bilir, Akbaş and Darıca (2023) with established validity and reliability, were employed as data collection instruments. T-tests were utilized to examine the pretest-posttest scores in the quantitative phase, while thematic content analysis was applied to interpret the qualitative data. The results suggest that the toys produced within STEAM Makerspaces possess innovative potential, serving as a reflection of educators' cognitive abilities, particularly in terms of imagination and creativity.

FACTORS AFFECTING THE SUCCESS OF EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY COURSE, EXPECTATIONS OF SUCCESS AND LEVELS OF ACCESS OF TEACHERS

Yeliz Çelen — 2023-09-01

In this study, it has been tried to determine the explanations between the expectations of the candidate for the educational psychology course and their achievement, and between the success expectations and achievements of the individuals perceived by the students. Mixed research design was used in the research. The research consists of two parts, qualitative and quantitative. Correlational research method was used in the quantitative part of the study. In the qualitative part, focus group interview method was used in order to examine the views of the novice teachers about the educational psychology course in depth. The quantitative sample of the study consists of 120 candidate teachers studying at the Faculty of Education of Amasya University, and the qualitative sample consists of 10 teacher candidates. Questionnaire, achievement test and focus group interview form were used as data collection tools in the research. As a result of the research, it was found that there is a moderate relationship between the success expectations of the novice teachers and their success levels, and that the professional skills of the teachers and their attitudes towards their students increase the academic success of the students. In addition, it was seen that the professional skills of the teachers and their attitudes towards their students are the first factor affecting the success of the educational psychology course, the second strongest factor is the participation and the third one is the way the teacher presents the lesson

DETERMINING THE DISTANCE EDUCATION SATISFACTION OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Gökçe Becit İşçitürk — 2023-09-01

The aim of this study is to determine the distance education satisfaction of students studying at a state university during the pandemic period and to identify the strengths and weaknesses of distance education from the students' perspective. This research, conducted with both qualitative and quantitative research designs using a concurrent nested mixed methods approach, aims to determine students' demographic information and satisfaction levels through quantitative methods and to identify students' views on the strengths and weaknesses of distance education through qualitative methods. According to the results of the satisfaction survey, it is observed that students' satisfaction is above average. However, it is concluded that the category with the highest satisfaction is accessibility, while the category with the lowest satisfaction is the learning management system used. When examining the participants' views on the strengths of distance education, the results show that it allows the opportunity for reviewing the lessons, offers time independence, provides easy access, enables learning from home environment, and facilitates communication with the instructors. On the other hand, the participants mentioned internet access problems, technological equipment requirements, content-related issues, lack of motivation, communication gaps, and excessive exposure to technology as the weaknesses of distance education.

INTERACTION OF CLASSROOM TEACHERS AND DIRECTORS IN DECISION-MAKING PROCESSES ON THE TOPICS OF SCIENCE COURSES

Enver Türksoy — 2023-09-01

This research aims to determine the level of participation of teachers in decision-making processes in the educational processes within the context of science education. Explanatory case study design was used in the research. The participants were determined by criterion sampling and stratified sampling methods. They consist of classroom teachers, school principals, assistant school principals and branch directors responsible for education and training. A total of 26 directors participated in the research. Interview forms were used as the data source. Within the scope of the research, three semi-structured interview forms were developed, and the process was carried out face-to-face. The content analysis technique was used for data analysis process. The data were analyzed inductively, and the data obtained from the participant groups were cross-examined to reveal the relationships. As a result of the research, it has been seen that the groups and other directors who are effective in the decision-making processes of classroom teachers have a mutually supportive attitude to each other. Although the physical infrastructure of the institution is kept at the forefront in the decision-making processes, it has been seen that teacher qualifications and interests are effective elements in the decision-making processes of directors.

ITALIAN AND TURKISH UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ VISUAL LITERACY SKILLS: A COMPARATIVE RESEARCH STUDY

Gamze Çelik — 2023-09-01

In recent years, a new life style has been started via internet and social media. Communication among distant individuals become popular and trendy thanks to the internet. Internet has become a vital tool of communication which is mostly carried out by the visuals like images, icons, pictures, etc. These figurative styles lead to a kind of visual communication which is in need of understanding the meanings and usage of the visuals. To understand the meaning of the visuals and to interpret them correctly one has to have a good level of visual literacy skill. Hereby, the main goal of this study is to determine the visual literacy skill level of Italian university students and the visual literacy skill level of Turkish university students. It is predicted that a comparative study conducted in Italy can contribute to the follow-up system of European structures. It is expected that the outputs of the study will contribute beyond the visual literacy content of the two countries, Türkiye and Italy. The visual literacy scores of Italian and Turkish students are supposed to be at a good level. In the research, the visual literacy scores of Italian and Turkish students did not display any meaning by gender. The findings show that visual literacy scores differs by the students’ country of residence. The interaction of country of residence and reproduction did not have any affect on visual literacy. When Italian students evaluated their visual literacy scores up to their grade level, the results of the analysis showed that the visual literacy scores of the second grade students were higher than the first and third grade students. On the other hand, Turkish students did not show any meaningful difference according to their classroom perception. The t-test results of the Italian students' visual literacy scores according to the departments they studied did not display any difference, too.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OCCUPATIONAL PROFESSIONALISM AND JOB SATISFACTION OF EFL TEACHERS

Reşit Köse — 2023-09-01

Today, occupational professionalism and job satisfaction have great importance in education as in all sectors. Teachers' occupational professionalism and job satisfaction are important elements that boost education quality. It is thought that occupational professionalism affects job satisfaction and job satisfaction also affects occupational professionalism. So this research’s objective is to find out how job satisfaction and occupational professionalism in the field of English teaching relate to one another. For this study, quantitative research techniques were employed to gather data from a sample size of 150 English teachers who are currently teaching at state-run schools in a city of the southeastern Turkey. To gather information on participants' occupational professionalism and job satisfaction levels, researchers utilized both the Occupational Professionalism of Teachers Scale and the Teacher Job Satisfaction Scale. Means, standard deviations, percentages and frequencies were calculated through using software. Correlation coefficient of Spearman's rho was applied to assess the relation between occupational professionalism and job satisfaction. Furthermore, the analysis of one-way ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis H test have been employed to determine potential variations in the occupational professionalism and job satisfaction levels of English teachers in relation to their demographic characteristics. The findings showed that English teachers' occupational professionalism level is high and their job satisfaction level is medium. Moreover, a positively significant relationship was observed between the occupational professionalism of English teachers and their job satisfaction. Furthermore, no statistically significant variances were found in their occupational professionalism and job satisfaction based on demographic characteristics.

THE OPINIONS OF FINE ARTS HIGH SCHOOL VIOLIN AND VIOLA TEACHERS ON VIBRATO INSTRUCTION

Sevgi Taş — 2023-09-01

Vibrato is a technique that adds beauty to music by contributing to flexibility, sensitivity, and tonal richness. An effective vibrato should be balanced and effortless, meeting the musical needs. Therefore, special attention and detailed studies on vibrato are required during the training process. In this study, the ideal time to begin teaching vibrato in violin/viola education, the necessary prerequisites for starting vibrato, the applied practices in vibrato instruction, considerations during the exercises, challenges faced in teaching, student errors, and reasons for teachers' revisit to vibrato studies were investigated. The study participants were violin and viola teachers from the Fine Arts High Schools. A questionnaire was used as the data collection tool to gather teacher opinions about vibrato studies in violin/viola education. The data obtained through the questionnaire were analyzed using a descriptive analysis method. According to the opinions of violin and viola teachers from Fine Arts High Schools, the timing to start vibrato studies varies. The key prerequisites for vibrato are identified as being able to handle the instrument properly, possessing good left-hand technique, playing with correct intonation, and knowing the first position well. The practices applied in vibrato instruction exhibit diversity. Fundamental aspects of vibrato instruction include preserving intonation, achieving freedom of movement, maintaining proper technique, and distinguishing between different types of vibrato. Challenges encountered in vibrato studies involve uncontrolled practice and coordination issues. Students can make different mistakes in their studies. Teachers revisit vibrato exercises, especially for musical interpretation.

PRE-SERVICE ENGLISH TEACHERS’ PERCEPTIONS OF ONLINE VS. FACE-TO-FACE MICROTEACHING PRACTICES

Hatice Ergül — 2023-09-01

This study investigates the perceptions of pre-service English teachers (PSETs) regarding microteaching practices in the context of Teaching English to Young Learners (TEYL) courses, comparing their experiences in face-to-face and online classroom settings. The importance of online education has risen globally, propelled by events like the COVID-19 pandemic, which underscored the need for preparing future teachers in both online and traditional classroom settings. 70 PSETs who have experienced both online and face-to-face education at a Turkish public university participated in this study. Data collection involved the self-reflective diaries of the participants, which were analyzed using Atlas.ti software for qualitative content analysis. Findings reveal the advantages of face-to-face microteaching in developing teaching skills in a safe environment, increasing social interaction with peers, building confidence, and receiving immediate feedback, but also highlight challenges such as lack of authenticity, time constraints, stress, and the cost of materials. In terms of online microteaching practice, PSETs emphasized the flexibility and convenience it provides to students and the importance of developing online teaching skills and collaboration, but underlined that technical problems, the lack of immediate feedback, limited non-verbal interaction, and limited social and affective elements all pose challenges for the participants. This research contributes insight into the evolving landscape of microteaching practices in TEYL, offering implications for teacher education in online and face-to-face classrooms.

EXAMINING THE OPINIONS OF PRIMARY SCHOOL TEACHER CANDIDATES ON MICROTEACHING PRACTICES IN THE LIFE SCIENCES TEACHING COURSE

Caner Özdemir — 2023-09-01

The aim of this research is to examine the opinions of prospective classroom teachers about microteaching practices in the Life Sciences Teaching course. The research was structured in accordance with the case study, one of the qualitative research approaches. The study group of the research consists of 12 teacher candidates studying in the classroom teaching undergraduate program of a state university. In the research, a semi-structured interview form developed by the researcher was used as a data collection tool. The data obtained in the research were analyzed by content analysis. In the research, it has been determined that the Life Sciences Teaching course is a suitable course for microteaching applications, and the reasons for this are that the course and the method reflect real-life situations, it is suitable to contribute to the teaching process, it strengthens the teaching abilities of the pre-service teachers and enriches the teaching process. In addition, in the research, it was revealed that the microteaching practices carried out in the Life Sciences Teaching course contributed to the prospective teachers such as gaining experience while teaching, understanding the classroom management, having knowledge about the structuring of the lesson, instantly noticing, and correcting the problems and mistakes that may arise in the teaching process. In addition, pre-service teachers stated that they experienced various environmental, personal and instructional difficulties during microteaching practices, but these difficulties were increased by the increase in the number of microteaching practices, the application of the microteaching method in different teaching courses during their undergraduate education , the implementation of teaching activities in primary schools as a continuation of microteaching practices, and the implementation of microteaching practices. He stated that they can overcome it by taking the undergraduate courses that introduce them. At the end of the research, various suggestions were presented based on the results obtained from the research.

EVALUATION OF THE GIFTED STUDENTS’ DIGITAL STORY DESIGNS ON THE HISTORY OF GEOMETRY AND THEIR OPINIONS REGARDING THE PROCESS

Gülşah Saltık Ayhanöz — 2023-09-01

Throughout history, storytelling has been used to share life experiences, values, cultural heritage, knowledge and wisdom. The history of mathematics may be used in mathematics lessons for many purposes such as giving students a distinct point of view, providing motivation and approaching the solutions of problems from a universal perspective. In this study, gifted students prepared digital stories about the scientists who left their mark in the history of geometry. Qualitative research methods were utilized in the study and a case study approach was used. The study group of the research is studying at the Science and Art Center in the province of Niğde. The study was conducted with 12 gifted students, six of whom were girls and six of whom were boys, studying in the special talent development program at the Science and Art Center. The study group was formed by purposive sampling method. Students’ views on the digital storytelling processes were obtained through an opinion form and semi-structured interviews. Content analysis was used to analyze the data and the findings were presented. When the study was completed, the students stated that they enjoyed the digital storytelling study, that they initially thought the digital storytelling application was challenging, but at the end of the activity they found it quite comfortable and easy, and that they learnt new knowledge about the lives of the scientists in the history of geometry with the digital stories they prepared.

INVESTIGATION OF PARENTING SELF-REGULATION SKILLS OF PRESCHOOLERS’ PARENTS IN TERMS OF SOME VARIABLES

Bahar Gümrükçü Bilgici — 2023-09-01

The study aims to examine the parenting self-regulation skills of parents of 36-72 month-old preschoolers according to several variables. The participants were parents of 204 preschoolers and the research design was the relational survey model, one of a qualitative research models. The data collection tool was “Me as a Parent” scale.. The scale consists of sixteen items and four sub-dimensions. These sub-dimensions are self-management, self-efficacy, personal agency, and self-sufficiency. According to the results of the study, there is no difference between the parental self-regulation skills of mothers and fathers. The parents with the lowest parenting self-regulation skills were those with primary school graduates. As the number of children increases, parenting self-regulation skills decrease. There was a negative correlation between the total parenting self-regulation skill score and the age of the parents. Parenting self-regulation skills do not differ according to the gender of the child.

SECONDARY SCHOOL EIGHTH GRADE STUDENTS' KNOWLEDGE AND THOUGHTS ON RECYCLING

Fatih Şeker — 2023-09-01

The purpose of this research is to determine the knowledge and opinions of secondary school eighth grade students about recycling. The research was carried out as a case study design which is one of the qualitative research methods and the study group consists of 40 eighth grade students studying in a secondary school in Niğde Province. The data of the research were collected through semi-structured interviews with students. The obtained data were analysed by content analysis by creating codes and themes. As a result of the research, it was determined that the students defined recycling mostly as reuse, gave the most examples of recyclable materials such as plastic, paper and glass, and considered recycling necessary to save money and protect natural resources and the environment. In addition, it was determined that the students made the most waste separation among the recycling activities and there were suggestions for activities that explain the importance of the subject of recycling to the students in the classrooms.

ADAPTATION OF THE SCALE OF ATTENDANCE TO LESSONS IN THE PROCESS OF DISTANCE EDUCATION INTO TURKISH: WITHIN THE SCOPE OF PRIMARY EDUCATION MATHEMATICS TEACHING

Mehtap Taştepe — 2023-09-01

In this study, it was aimed to adapt the Classroom Attendance Scale developed by Dixson (2015) into Turkish. Translation, back-translation, expert control and pilot application were carried out on the original scale, and after the Turkish editing was completed, it was applied to 232 students who took a part of the courses in primary school mathematics teaching remotely. CFA was applied to analyze the construct validity of the scale. Modifications suggested by LISREL were taken into account in order to improve the fit indices of the DFA result, and better fit was achieved at the end of the DFA performed in the second stage. The Cronbach α internal consistency coefficient value calculated to determine the reliability of the scale was found to be 0.94. When all items were examined in terms of discrimination, it was found that there was a significant difference between the upper and lower groups. Therefore, it can be said that the items are distinctive. The results obtained in the adaptation of the original scale to Turkish; shows that the Turkish version of the scale is valid and reliable.

PARENTS VIEWS ON INCLUSIVE EDUCATION PRACTICES IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS

Gülbeyaz Ünlüer — 2023-09-01

Inclusive education is an approach that aims to ensure that students benefit from quality and equal education opportunities, regardless of their disability, diversity, and socioeconomic status. In this research, it was aimed to reveal the expectations of the parents regarding inclusive education and to provide data on the activities that can be done for the development of inclusive education in this context. A case study model was used in the research. The criterion sampling method was used in the determination of the study group of the research. The data were collected by semi-structured interview forms and analyzed by content analysis technique. As a result of the research, 32.50% of the parents stated that "training is given in the support training room", 33.33% of them are "individual education plans are prepared", 28.94% of them are "the school administration acts empathetically", 26.82% stated that "the class teacher acts lovingly", 45.94% stated that "other parents act sensitively", and 24.39% stated that their "friends act acceptingly". While 22.50% of the parents expressed their opinion about the problems "low academic success", 17.30% of the parents expressed their opinion as "Turkish language education should be given to refugee students" regarding the suggestions.

AN INVESTIGATION OF TEACHING PRONUNCIATION WHILE TEACHING TURKISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE

Sinem Gönen Kayacan — 2023-09-01

Language centers that teach Turkish as a foreign language are based on the European Language Portfolio. The Common European Framework of Reference enables language learners to develop listening, reading, speaking, speaking and writing skills. The four basic skills are supported by dictation and grammar teaching, but pronunciation studies are ignored. There are some structures in Turkish that are different in writing and speaking, and pronunciation studies should be done while teaching. In this study, the future tense suffix in New Istanbul Turkish for International Students Course Book (NISB) A2-B1-B2-C1 was analyzed and listening audio recordings were analyzed. It was investigated whether there is a difference between the use of future tense in written texts and listening recordings. Qualitative research methods were used in the study. The books constituting the universe of the study were scanned with the scanning model, and the study was conducted with the document analysis model on the data obtained. As a result, it was rarely encountered that future tense structures were spoken as written in the whole set (A2, B1, B2, C1). A special vocalization study is required for a structure that is not read as written, and it should not be left to the teacher's initiative without explanation in textbooks. For the student and the teacher, it would be appropriate to include the functions and formal features of the future tense, the voice-over features in the books and to indicate that the suffix -AcAk is not read as written.

PRESCHOOL TEACHERS' OPINIONS ON MOVEMENT ACTIVITY IN DIFFERENT DIMENSIONS

Zeynep Kılıç — 2023-09-01

The aim of this research is to determine preschool teachers' opinions on movement activities. In line with this general purpose, teachers' opinions on movement activities were examined under the subheadings of awareness and importance; planning and implementation; and finally, evaluation. The research was designed as a case study, one of the qualitative research models. The study group of the research consists of 107 people who actively work as preschool teachers throughout Türkiye. Participation in the research was ensured from 28 provinces in different regions throughout Türkiye. The research data were collected using a semi-structured interview form prepared by the researcher, consisting of questions in three different dimensions. The interview form included a total of 23 questions, with 5 questions in the awareness/importance dimension, 15 questions in the planning/implementation dimension, and 3 questions in the evaluation dimension. Descriptive analysis methods were used in data analysis. As a result of the research, it was determined that teachers' awareness of movement activity was not very high, and they couldn't adequately express the importance of this type of activity for children. In the planning and implementation stages of activities, it was observed that teachers displayed a more teacher-centered approach rather than a child-centered one. It was observed that they were weak in using appropriate methods in terms of evaluating movement activity and motor development

WOMEN CAN'T DO REPAIR AND MEN CAN'T IRON! GENDER STEREOTYPES OF PRESCHOOL TEACHERS AND CHILDREN

Feyza Uçar Çabuk — 2023-09-01

Gender stereotypes start at an early age, and it takes a certain process for stereotypes to bring about behavioral changes in individuals who are new members of society. Education is effective in children' acquisition of gender stereotypes. This study, which was conducted to investigate the relationship between the gender stereotypes of preschool teachers and the gender stereotypes of children in their classrooms, was conducted with 50 preschool teachers and 438 children. It was found that teachers' gender stereotypes were low, while children's gender stereotypes were high. It was found that there was no significant difference between the seniority of the teachers, their class size, the ages of the children in their classes, the genders of the children, and their gender stereotypes. It was found that children from lower socioeconomic levels and children aged 60-72 months had more gender stereotypes. There was no significant relationship between the teacher's and children's gender stereotypes. In order to reduce children's gender stereotypes, it is recommended that everyone who interacts with children should use a language free of gender stereotypes and act beyond these stereotypes.

EVALUATION OF LIFE STUDIES CURRICULUM BY STUFFLEBEAM'S CONTEXT, INPUT, PROCESS AND PRODUCT EVALUATION MODEL

Didem Kayahan Yüksel — 2023-09-01

EVALUATION OF LIFE STUDIES CURRICULUM BY STUFFLEBEAM'S CONTEXT, INPUT, PROCESS AND PRODUCT EVALUATION MODEL

IMPLEMENTATION OF 3D DESIGN-SUPPORTED ACTIVITIES IN SOCIAL STUDIES TEACHING

Yasemin Er Tuna — 2023-09-01

It is known that during the teaching of social studies course, students' reading the relevant pages of the textbook at home before coming to class and teachers' lecturing on the topic during the lesson is not enough to achieve a good level of learning and reduces students' interest in and desire for the course. Reflecting on this situation, this study was planned to handle the subjects of history and geography, which contain a lot of abstract concepts and have intense content, in the social studies course. During the teaching of these subjects, the effect of 3D design-supported activities on the lesson and students was determined by taking the opinions of students and teachers. Secondary school students and teachers participated in the research. In the study, it was concluded that the 3D design-supported activities contributed to students, e.g. they were more interested in the lesson, they learned with fun, and the activities helped to reinforce the information they learned and to embody the past. In addition to these results, the theoretical knowledge gained during the course turned into 3D design objects. This encouraged students to use their creativity and imagination. Teachers concluded that 3D activities helped students understand and become interested in social studies topics, and improve their digital literacy. However, it was observed that some students had problems with technical details, had difficulty understanding how to use the tools and commands, and were distracted.

FLIPPED VOCABULARY INSTRUCTION EXPERIENCE WITH ADULT LANGUAGE LEARNERS

İhsan Ünaldı — 2023-09-01

This paper reports on the longitudinal experience and insights gained from numerous flipped vocabulary instruction episodes with adult language learners. The instruction program was vocabulary and meaning focused, and the target words were chosen from the New GSL dataset. Several different tutoring groups were formed in different time periods. The participants were instructed and trained to deal with the target words outside the class to the extent that their skills and abilities allowed. The aspects of learning that required higher cognitive skills were carried out in the classroom with the instructor. The sessions were discussed and modified with the participants taking into account the participants’ instructional needs. As a result, a flipped vocabulary instruction model was developed. It is suggested that many principles of second language vocabulary acquisition can be applied with a flipped learning approach, and this approach has the potential to resolve the related issues.

OPINIONS OF MUSIC TEACHERS WORKING IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS REGARDING DISTANCE EDUCATION DURING THE PANDEMIC PROCESS

Kübra Dilek Tankız — 2023-09-01

In the research, it was aimed to reveal the current situation by determining the experiences and opinions of music teachers working in secondary schools regarding the distance music education process during the Covid-19 pandemic. The research was designed in case study design using qualitative research approach. The study group of the research consists of 18 volunteer participants who are working as music teachers in formal and formal secondary schools affiliated to the Ministry of National Education in Malatya province of Turkey and who are doing remote synchronous lessons during the pandemic process. The data of the study were obtained through a semi-structured interview form created by taking expert opinion. The data obtained were analysed by content analysis technique; the themes, sub-themes and codes were visualised and presented in tables. As a result of the research, it was determined that the most preferred tools of music teachers in the distance education process during the pandemic period were smartphones and laptops, the programs they commonly used were Zoom and WhatsApp, they did not receive any training in the distance education process and they had no previous experience in this regard. It was revealed that the teachers performed activities and song teaching for the outcome in the distance education process, used demonstration and question and answer techniques more as teaching techniques, preferred individual instrument instruments and workbooks as course materials, and evaluated students' attendance and absenteeism as measurement and evaluation methods. The problems experienced in teaching the learning outcomes related to the listening-singing and musical creativity learning areas in the music curriculum to students were the most common points emphasised by the teachers. Teachers consider the fact that distance education offers a wealth of materials and provides the opportunity to teach lessons independently from time and place among the positive aspects of distance education. The fact that distance education reduces social interaction is among the results that teachers agree on. In addition to these, technological infrastructure problems, internet connection problems, synchronisation problems, student indifference and parent insensitivity are among the problems that teachers draw particular attention to.

TEACHERS' OPINIONS ON THE APPLICABILITY OF MODEL ELICITING ACTIVITIES

Ebru Saka — 2023-09-01

This study aimed to reveal the opinions of mathematics teachers about the applicability of model-eliciting activities after their in-class practices within the scope of mathematical modeling training given to mathematics teachers. The study was based on phenomenological study design, one of the qualitative research methods. A total of 16 mathematics teachers who took the graduate mathematical modeling course in the 2021-2022 academic year at a state university participated in the study. In determining the participants, the criterion sampling method, one of the purposeful sampling types, was used. The data of the study were collected with a semi-structured interview form. A content analysis technique was used to analyse the data. Study findings indicate that most of the teachers think that the applicability of MEA (Model Eliciting Activities) in school programs is limited. Participants emphasized the time-consuming nature of the MEA, curriculum intensity, students' lack of familiarity, the difficulty of application in crowded classrooms, insufficient class hours, and teachers' lack of sufficient knowledge as reasons for this situation. The difficulties that may arise in MEA applications were expressed as classroom management, teaching process, and teaching resources in terms of teacher dimension, and difficulties related to readiness and modeling process in terms of student dimension. Most of the participants had difficulty in selecting MEAs suitable for the level of students for the applications. The mathematical modeling training provided was found to be beneficial academically, professionally, and for the students. After the training, the participants developed positive attitudes toward using MEA in their lessons. Based on the participants' suggestions and the results of the study, some suggestions were made to practitioners and researchers for further application of MEA in schools.

A CRITICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE EFL CURRICULUM AND THE COURSE BOOK FOR FOURTH GRADE STUDENTS IN LIGHT OF THE CEFR

Şeyda Sarı Yıldırım — 2023-09-01

For a considerable period, Turkey has been engaged in a quest to identify the most optimal English language curriculum, and the CEFR presents a viable avenue for developing such a curriculum. This study aims to investigate the adequacy of the 4th grade English as a Foreign Language (EFL) curriculum and the course book used in the state schools in terms of their effectiveness. The methodology of the study comprised document analysis in order to gather data, followed by a comparative analysis to examine the collected data. The results of the study offer a comprehensive overview of the English language curriculum in primary schools. The study yielded a total of 31 A1 illustrative descriptors sourced from the CEFR and 4th-grade English learning skills. It was found that 15 out of the 31 A1 illustrative descriptors were covered by the learning outcomes. Although the 4th grade English Language Education Curriculum prioritises the development of listening and speaking abilities, it appears to neglect the enhancement of reading, linguistic, and writing proficiencies.

THE EFFECT OF MATHEMATICS TEACHING SUPPORTED BY MATHEMATICS STORIES ON 3RD-GRADE STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT AND ATTITUDES

Ramazan Divrik — 2023-09-01

Integrating mathematics with children’s literature, which appeals to children’s emotions, thoughts, and imagination, can contribute to children’s view of mathematics from a different perspective and help them see the fun aspects of mathematics. This study examined the effect of mathematics lessons supported by mathematics stories on 3rd-grade students’ mathematics achievement and attitudes towards mathematics. The study evaluated students using a quasi-experimental design with the pretest-posttest control group. The study group consisted of 39 third-grade students, 19 in the experimental group and 20 in the control group. The "3rd-Grade Mathematics Achievement Test" was used to measure students’ achievement, and the "Attitude Scale towards Mathematics Course" was used to measure their attitudes toward mathematics. In analyzing the data obtained from the students, the normality of the data was first checked. Since the data showed normal distribution, parametric tests were used to analyze the data. In the research, the "Independent Samples T-test" was used for intergroup comparisons, and the "Dependent Samples T-test" was used for intragroup comparisons. As a result of the data analysis, it was found that the mathematics achievement and attitude towards mathematics scores of the experimental group students differed significantly in mathematics lessons supported by mathematical stories in intergroup and intragroup comparisons. This result shows that including children’s literature containing mathematical stories in mathematics lessons will positively affect students’ mathematics achievement and attitudes toward mathematics.

INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MUSICAL EAR TRAINING LESSON ANXIETY AND SELF-ESTEEM LEVELS OF PRE-SERVICE MUSIC TEACHERS

Esin Uçal Canakay — 2023-09-01

Music education can yield favourable outcomes when built upon a strong foundation of auditory training. Therefore, the study aimed to examine the musical ear training lesson anxiety levels and self-esteem levels of the pre-service music teachers in terms of various variables, exploring the relationship between the Musical Ear Training (MET) Lesson anxiety and self-esteem levels of the pre-service music teachers, and determining whether the participants’ self-esteem levels have an impact on their MET Lesson anxiety. The study group of the research consisted of randomly selected 268 pre-service teachers studying in the Music Education Department of 11 state universities in Turkey during the Spring Semester of 2022-2023 academic year. The data were collected using the ‘Musical Ear Training (MET) Lesson Anxiety Scale’ developed by Öztürk and Kalyoncu (2018) and the Self-Esteem Assessment Form developed by Özevin and Bilen (2010). The results revealed that male participants had higher levels of MET lesson anxiety compared to female participants. Additionally, the self-esteem levels of the participants varied significantly based on their grade levels. It was also found out that anxiety levels of students who graduated from Fine Arts High Schools were found to be higher compared to those who graduated from high schools other than Fine Arts High Schools. Furthermore, the results have demonstrated that the amount of time allocated by participants for musical ear training is associated with significant differences in their MET lesson anxiety. Another significant finding in the research is the presence of a positive and low-level relationship between MET lesson anxiety and self-esteem. The relationship between the predictor variable and the criterion variable has been determined 0.146.